Pregnancy Month by Month Guide to Essential Scans and Tests

Pregnancy Month-by-Month Guide: Essential Scans, Blood Tests and Checkups

Pregnancy is a transformative 40-week journey. Timely antenatal checkups, blood tests and ultrasound scans help monitor the mother's health and the baby's development.

At Matritva Hospital, Patna, Dr. Geetam Bharti (Ex-IGIMS Patna, Ex-Kurji Holy Family Hospital) provides antenatal care and guidance based on individual pregnancy needs.

1. First Trimester (Weeks 1–12)

The first trimester focuses on confirming pregnancy, estimating gestational age and assessing early maternal health.

Dating and Viability Ultrasound

Timing: Weeks 6–8

This scan helps confirm the pregnancy's location, check the baby's heartbeat, estimate gestational age and identify multiple pregnancies.

Baseline Blood Screening

Timing: Weeks 6–10

• Complete Blood Count (CBC) to screen for anaemia.
• Blood group and Rh factor.
• Thyroid profile (TSH).
• Blood sugar screening as advised.
• Infection screening, which may include HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and VDRL.

NT Scan and Dual Marker Test

Timing: Weeks 11–13+6

The NT scan and blood markers Free Beta-hCG and PAPP-A help screen for the likelihood of certain chromosomal conditions, including Down syndrome. These are screening tests, not diagnostic tests.

2. Second Trimester (Weeks 13–28)

This stage focuses on detailed assessment of the baby's anatomy and screening for health conditions that may affect the mother.

Level II Anomaly Scan

Timing: Weeks 18–22

This detailed ultrasound evaluates the baby's major organs, including the heart, brain, spine, kidneys, limbs and facial structures. It also assesses placental position and amniotic fluid.

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

Timing: Weeks 24–28

The OGTT screens for gestational diabetes by assessing the body's response to glucose.

Repeat Blood and Urine Tests

Repeat CBC and urine tests may be recommended to monitor anaemia, urinary tract infections and protein in the urine.

TT / Tdap Vaccination

Vaccination should follow the recommended clinical protocol and your doctor's advice.

3. Third Trimester (Weeks 29–40+)

The final trimester focuses on the baby's growth, wellbeing and preparation for delivery.

Growth Ultrasound and Fetal Doppler

Suggested timing: Weeks 32–34

The scan assesses estimated fetal weight and amniotic fluid index (AFI). Doppler may be used when indicated to assess blood flow through the umbilical vessels.

Non-Stress Test (NST)

Timing: From 37 weeks, when advised

An NST monitors the baby's heart rate in relation to movement. Your doctor may recommend it based on your clinical findings.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Screening

Suggested timing: Weeks 35–37, where recommended

If screening is performed and the result is positive, antibiotics during labour may be recommended according to the applicable clinical protocol.

Why Choose Matritva Hospital, Patna?

Dr. Geetam Bharti trained at Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, and served as a Senior Resident at IGIMS, Patna.

At Matritva Hospital in Danapur and Bailey Road (Gola Road), Patna, antenatal care may include:

• Structured antenatal schedules and follow-up.
• Monitoring for gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.
• Assessment of fetal growth concerns.
• Patient-centred consultations and pregnancy guidance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is ultrasound safe during pregnancy?

Diagnostic ultrasound uses sound waves rather than ionising radiation. It is generally considered safe when performed by trained professionals for appropriate medical reasons. Follow your obstetrician's advice.

What if I miss my Level II Anomaly Scan?

The scan is generally recommended between 18 and 22 weeks. If you miss this window, contact your obstetrician promptly to discuss appropriate assessment.

How can I book an appointment?

You can enquire about appointments at Matritva Hospital's Danapur or Gola Road, Patna centres.

Phone: +91-7557770808 or +91-7258914011.

Medical Disclaimer: This article is for general educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice. Test selection and timing may vary according to individual circumstances and clinical guidelines. Consult your obstetrician for a personalised antenatal care plan.